SINCE the 1980s, the infrastructure sector, grappling with the challenges of rising oil prices and the finite nature of resources like aggregates and other building materials, began a significant shift towards sustainable practices.
This change was driven by the growing understanding of sustainable development, prompting countries to explore and implement energy-saving building systems. In 1990, the United Kingdom paved the way by introducing the world’s first green building standard, a pivotal moment in the evolution of sustainable architecture. This momentum carried forward with the establishment of the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) in 1993 and its subsequent launch of the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program, setting a global benchmark for sustainable building practices.
Green building certifications like LEED and BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) have become essential drivers of sustainable construction, ensuring that buildings meet stringent environmental standards. In the Philippines, LEED has gained significant traction, with notable structures like the Zuellig Building and One Ayala South Tower standing as testaments to its impact.
The 33-story Zuellig Tower in Makati holds the distinction of being the first high-rise in the country to achieve LEED Platinum certification, featuring sensor-controlled lighting, an efficient HVAC system, and rainwater harvesting. The Philippines’ commitment to sustainable construction is further evidenced by its 2022 ranking as 10th globally in the USGBC’s annual list of Top 10 Countries and Regions for LEED.
Integrating renewable energy sources into building designs is another cornerstone of sustainable construction. Solar panels, now easily accessible to homeowners, offer a way to harness clean energy, reduce electricity bills, and lower carbon footprints. Major corporations like SM Investments Corporation are also investing heavily in solar energy, with installations on several of their malls nationwide. Furthermore, rainwater harvesting systems are promoting water conservation by enabling reuse for gardening, toilet flushing, and laundry. Even public infrastructure is embracing sustainability, with solar-powered streetlights appearing in municipalities across the Philippines.
Smart building systems represent a technological leap in building design and operation. By integrating sensors, automation, and data analytics, these systems optimize energy efficiency, comfort, and sustainability. Building Management Systems (BMS) can automate and fine-tune building functions like heating, cooling, and lighting based on real-time data, leading to significant energy savings and improved occupant satisfaction. While integrating these systems with existing infrastructure can be complex, the trend towards smart buildings is undeniable, contributing to more intelligent and eco-friendly urban environments.
Sustainable construction practices go beyond energy efficiency, focusing on creating healthy environments based on ecological principles. Professor Charles Kibert, a leading voice in sustainable construction, emphasized core principles like conserving resources, reusing materials, protecting nature, and creating non-toxic environments. His work highlights the importance of careful material selection and embracing local best practices.
Modern methods of construction are also playing a vital role. Prefabrication and modular construction techniques minimize waste and enhance efficiency by manufacturing building components off-site in controlled factory settings. This approach reduces construction time, on-site disruptions, and material waste while improving quality control. Companies like Revolution Precrafted and CUBO Modular in the Philippines are pioneering this approach with their quick-assembly, eco-friendly homes.
Passive design principles, which utilize natural resources for heating, cooling, and lighting, are deeply rooted in traditional Filipino architecture. The Bahay Kubo, with its elevated structure and natural materials, exemplifies these principles by promoting natural airflow for cooling. Modern buildings are re-embracing these concepts through strategic window placement, natural ventilation, and the use of materials that maximize energy efficiency.
Finally, the selection of eco-friendly building materials is crucial. Bamboo, with its rapid growth and strength, is a sustainable alternative to traditional timber. Recycled steel reduces the need for new production, saving energy and lowering carbon emissions. Innovative materials like hempcrete and rammed earth are also gaining popularity for their insulation properties and sustainability. In the Philippines, companies like ReForm Plastic are transforming plastic waste into durable eco-boards, showcasing the potential for creative solutions in sustainable construction. Architects, engineers, developers, and policymakers are responding by embracing green building practices that prioritize sustainability, ensuring a more environmentally responsible future for the construction industry.
