Asthma is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, with a 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) report stating that it affects about 262 million people globally. Among those most affected are children, and the condition can significantly impact their quality of life.
In particular, asthma can interfere with daily activities such as playing, exercising, or even sleeping, with symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath causing discomfort and fatigue. The unpredictability of asthma can also lead to emotional distress, especially if a child fears having an attack at school or in public.
A child’s family members play a vital role in managing asthma. After all, they’re the ones who spend the most time with the child and can thus closely monitor symptoms and triggers. So, in this article, we’ve compiled several tips on how family members can support and care for children in their family who require asthma maintenance.
1. Get the Right Medication
The first step in keeping asthma at bay is making sure the child has the right medications. This includes both controller medication for long-term prevention and reliever medication for immediate relief during an attack. For example, an infant with asthma may be prescribed a formulation of ambroxol for baby-safe usage. This medication helps clear mucus from the airways, making it easier to breathe while still being safe for them. Meanwhile, older children may be given quick-relief inhalers or tablets.
Additionally, family members should make sure prescriptions are filled on time, medications are stored properly, and expiration dates are checked regularly. It’s also important that the child uses mechanically dispensed medicines (like inhalers or nebulizers) correctly, as improper use can reduce effectiveness. Older family members can assist with proper technique to ensure the medication works as intended and to help prevent asthma flare-ups.
2. Follow an Asthma Action Plan
An asthma action plan is a detailed guide created by the doctor to help manage the child’s asthma and respond effectively during flare-ups. It outlines daily medication schedules, how to monitor symptoms, and what steps to take when the child’s condition worsens.
Every family member should have a copy of this action plan and understand it thoroughly to ensure they can act quickly and appropriately when needed. It’s also important to review the plan periodically, especially after doctor visits, to ensure it stays up to date as the child’s needs change.
3. Minimize Triggers at Home
Asthma symptoms are often triggered by environmental factors like dust mites, animal fur, smoke, pollen, strong odors, and mold. At home, family members can help reduce these triggers by making a few simple changes.
Start by keeping the house free of dust by vacuuming carpets regularly with a HEPA filter vacuum and washing bedding in hot water once a week. If the child is allergic to pets, keep animals out of the bedroom to help prevent flare-ups. Using air purifiers and avoiding strong perfumes, air fresheners, or harsh cleaning chemicals can also make a big difference. A clean, allergen-free environment lowers the risk of attacks and supports better long-term asthma management.
4. Attend Medical Appointments Together
Attending medical appointments with the child helps family members understand the treatment plan and care needs. These visits also provide an opportunity for the doctor to guide the family in managing asthma, including making medication adjustments and addressing potential complications. Moreover, family members can use the appointment to ask about medication doses, possible side effects, and effective ways to manage asthma triggers.
5. Provide Emotional Support
Asthma can make children feel isolated, especially when they have to sit out of activities during flare-ups. In this regard, family members can offer emotional support by reassuring the child that asthma doesn’t define them or limit their potential.
Encourage participation in physical activities like swimming or walking, as long as the child’s asthma is well-managed. Be patient when they feel frustrated or upset by asthma-related restrictions, and focus on their strengths rather than limitations to build their confidence. With a calm, supportive home environment, children with asthma will find it easier to cope with the emotional challenges that come with their condition.
6. Create a Healthy Lifestyle Routine
Last but not least, family members can help uphold an overall healthier lifestyle and thus manage asthma by promoting a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These foods support lung health and reduce inflammation, which benefits asthma control.
Additionally, regular physical activity like walking, cycling, or swimming also helps strengthen the lungs and overall fitness. To make it more fun or seem less daunting, family members can also participate in these exercises. That said, they should encourage the child to be mindful of asthma management, such as using a reliever inhaler before exercise if needed. Ensuring the child gets enough sleep is also essential for preventing flare-ups.
A routine that includes healthy eating, regular exercise, and proper rest creates a solid foundation for asthma management. When family members participate in the routine together, it not only sets a positive example but also helps the child feel supported and less isolated in managing their condition. Supporting a child with asthma goes beyond following a treatment plan. It’s also about creating an environment where they feel understood, supported, and empowered. Family members can make a significant difference by actively participating in their care and following the tips above. Through these efforts, they help the child navigate their condition and live a fulfilling life.
